date

1820 July 22 Emancipation Spanish
1820 July 22

Emancipation Spanish

Summary

The reason will now be seen, why it is to the subject many, and not

to the ruling few nor even indiscriminately to both that the papers of which this is

the summary is addressed: nor could it have been written, but for the consideration,

that of there can be an occasion, in which, in any country, the ruling few can

prevail upon themselves, or be prevailed upon, to make any sacrifice whatever of

their own narrower interest to the more extensive interest of the subject many, it is

the occasion in which, as now, the ruling few may for a time, endure to regard

themselves as standing in need of the support of the subject many for the very means

of common safety, as well as far the means of maintaining themselves in their

respective situations.

9. As to the interests of the inhabitants of the distant

dependencies, even supposing them not to have, on their own account, any claim to

consideration on the part of the subject many in Spain, they will still be found to

possess an incontestable claim to such consideration, on the ground of the effect of

the dominion on the interests of those same subject many themselves. For,- the more

strongly adverse in its very nature, to the interest of the Spanish Americans, is the

dominion thus exercised over them, the stronger is the resistance of which, on their

part, in proportion as the opposition of interests is understood and felt, it can not

but be expected to be productive.

Weak as are the strongest reasons that could be given why the rulers

of either country should exercise dominion over the other, yet if for any such

wide-stretching dominion there were any nceessity or use, reasons probably not less

good might be given why it should be the ruling few in Spanish America that should

exercise dominion over subject many and ruling few together in Spain, as why ruling

few in Spain should exercise dominion over subject many and ruling few together in

Spanish America.
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    Description: 1820

    '10 Spanish America has better claim to exercise dominion over Spain, than Spain

    over Spanish America.

    Better Creolia rule Spain.

    1820 August 13

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    Summary

    Creoles claim as good

    Now then if in respect of the influence of the dominion in question in the interests

    of those over whom it is claimed to be exercised the claim presents itself to me as

    untenable presents itself in that light to one who has no [...?] of interest with

    them beyond what he has with any other equal portion of mankind - to one who wishes

    to render his humble services useful to yourselves have already been made manifest by

    the most effectual means in his power - what is the light in which the claim is

    likely to present itself to the individuals themselves - to any of them to whose

    interests it is in their judgment adverse.

    On what ground then will you place [?] your claim to see your ruler rule over them

    1. Is it on the ground of custom?

    Supposing custom /the plea/ capable of standing /over ruling/ against utility

    against the greatest happiness of the greatest number how / what/ would it avail you?

    It lies broken by yourselves. By custom misrule is the perfection of its worst forms

    has been established in Spain. This support notwithstanding you have destroyed

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  • Title: [[clxii. 5] 1820 July 24 Emancipation]
    Description: [clxii. 5]

    1820 July 24

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    Summary

    II Creoles repugnance.

    II. Much more detrimental would the dominion in question or any attempt to exercise it over Spanish America or any part of that vast country be to the interest of the subject many in Spain upon the supposition of repugnance in the whole of Spanish America or any part of it.

    As the repugnance encreased, or was thought to encrease, or was pretended to encrease so would the expence of the preparations made for surmounting it. It would encrease in proportion to the number of the provinces in which the discontent had place, and in proportion to the apparent comparative number and force of the discontented in each province: and so in case of disobedience or revolt, in proportion to the extent of it.

    In Spanish America, the probable existence, and in case of its existence, the probable magnitude of the rupugnance, discontent, disobedience and revolt respectively, would of course receive encrease from every distinguishable arrangement, by which relief endeavoured /or benefit were seen to be/ to be afforded to the people of Spain - subject many, ruling few, or both together - at the expence of Spanish America or any part of it.
  • Title: [[clxii. 2] 1820 July 24 Emancipation]
    Description: [clxii. 2]

    1820 July 24

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    Reasons for Emancipation.

    Summary

    I. Any dominion exercised over Spanish America or any part of that country by the ruling few in Spain would be detrimental in every point of view to the interest of the subject many (a) in Spain: and this, even although, on hearing of the happy change, the people over whom the dominion were thus to be exercised were not only contented but unanimously and anxiously desirous to submitt to it. It would be detrimental - in the first place in a pecuniary, or say a financial point of view. For

    1 The expence to the subject many in Spain would even on the above supposition be very considerable. A military establishment, by land and sea together, over and above what would be kept up were there no such dominion would be regarded as necessary, to be kept up: to be kept up - partly for the eventual defence of the dominion against eventual foreign aggression, (b) partly against discontent disobedience and revolt in this or that part of Spanish America itself, when the exaltation and ferment of thoughtless sympathy had been succeeded by calm reflection, operating upon inevitably unpleasant experience. To set against this expence, the net supply of money and money's worth, furnished by means of the dominion by Spanish America to Spain and thus contributing by its removal to save taxes in Spain would perhaps be nothing: at any rate not equal to the expence.

    Such saving could not be made to the subject many in Spain, but at the charge of the people - subject many and ruling few together - in Spanish America: and to this charge it serves not only to say what it is that can tend to dispose them to submitt after the change, howsoever disposed before. The charges of conveyance suffice to render every such supply more burthensome to Spanish America than beneficial to Spain.

    Notes

    (a) To the ruling few, no; but beneficial. But of this presently.

    (b) For example from the United States, England, Portugal France.