date

1820 Sept 9 Emancipation Spanish
1820 Sept 9

Emancipation Spanish

' Creolia rule Spain

Creolia should rule Spain

Well then and this greates number in which of the two hemispheres is it to be found?

I say in Spanish America /the American/ The proof in the annext Table

Even were the Table not true today, it will /would/ be seen to be true t omorrow:

tomorrow if your rulers and you do not attempt to cramp the population cramp it by

incapacity or by design if your rulers do not use their endeavours to cramp it: and

even if they do

Well but are the proportions - there is the greatest number. Now if as to their

/the/ greatest happiness of the greatest number which is likely to provide best for

it? those whose happiness it is or some other person? those who think mostabout it or

those who think least about it

We love you better than you do yourselves. So you may say to those Creolians: but do

you expect to be believed?

We think more about your tinterests than you do yourselves? So you may say to these

your kinsmen. But where do you expect to find evidence? among them or among what

others

"We understand what is for your happiness better than you do: so you may say to

these your kinsmen. But let third persons think and say what you will, thin you that

the persons interested /person thus spoken to/ do you think they will either think of

say so?

Thus /Oh yes Such/ is the language of all tyrants when theyy condescend to endeavour

to become imposters. This is what in /within/ their dispute with the public many is

assumed assumed in all because by the ruling few It is because they understand so

well what is for our interests, and we not, that those by whom we are plundered and

oppressed, plunder us.
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  • Title: [1820 '10 Spanish America has better]
    Description: 1820

    '10 Spanish America has better claim to exercise dominion over Spain, than Spain

    over Spanish America.

    Better Creolia rule Spain.

    1820 August 13

    Emancipation Spanish

    Summary

    Creoles claim as good

    Now then if in respect of the influence of the dominion in question in the interests

    of those over whom it is claimed to be exercised the claim presents itself to me as

    untenable presents itself in that light to one who has no [...?] of interest with

    them beyond what he has with any other equal portion of mankind - to one who wishes

    to render his humble services useful to yourselves have already been made manifest by

    the most effectual means in his power - what is the light in which the claim is

    likely to present itself to the individuals themselves - to any of them to whose

    interests it is in their judgment adverse.

    On what ground then will you place [?] your claim to see your ruler rule over them

    1. Is it on the ground of custom?

    Supposing custom /the plea/ capable of standing /over ruling/ against utility

    against the greatest happiness of the greatest number how / what/ would it avail you?

    It lies broken by yourselves. By custom misrule is the perfection of its worst forms

    has been established in Spain. This support notwithstanding you have destroyed

    misrule without mercy. If it be right then the authority of custom [...?] be broken

    on your behalf, why not on behalf of these your kinsmen?
  • Title: [[ clxvii. 195] 1821 March 23]
    Description: [ clxvii. 195]

    1821 March 23

    Rid Yourselves

    3. Better Creolia rule Spain

    As to the exercise of the power of government taken at large the question has already been decided as you have seen in a direct and particular way - decided as you have seen by the Constitutional Code.

    Look to Art. 2. The Spanish nation is free and independent and is not, nor can it be, the patrimony of any person or family. Look to Article the 3d. the Sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. Look back now to Article 1st. The Spanish nation consists of all Spaniards of both hemispheres. Thus according to this same Code between you and Ultramarians there is | | Look to Article 4. The Nation is obliged to preserve and protect ... the civil liberty and property, besides all other legitimate rights, of all individuals belonging to it: that is to say not only of you Spaniards but also of the people who far the purposes that are but too evident are decorated /stand invested with the title/ by the name of Spaniards. (a)

    Well then these your so remotely settled kinsmen settled /for so many generation/ at such great distances from Spain, do you persist in retaining them Spaniards? /As soon as their deputies outnumber yours/ It is by them that you and your rulers, not by your rulers that the are to be governed. Are they not Spaniards? Then by the uniform declaration of the Code as little under it can your rulers have to govern them.

    (a) [ marginal note probably to be included here, but this is not clearly indicated]

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  • Title: [clxii. 239] 1821 Jan 6 Rid]
    Description: clxii. 239]

    1821 Jan 6

    Rid Yourselves

    ' 1 Creoles wiling

    Preliminary Distinctions

    1 Feb. 1821

    For polishing the diction pp. 2, 3 and 4 of this though superseded may be consulted with 3 o and 4 o or revision

    My friends, of a most particular examination and of a most attractive and long continued consideration the result I have come to is this - that not only to the whole people of Ultramaria, but to you the people of Spain - speaking at least of the vast majority of you, what seems to be regarded among you as your dominion over Creolia - or to speak more explicitly your union with the people of Ultramaria under one government, on the plan delineated in your Constitutional Code, is upon the balance /in every possible state of things/ mischievous in the extreme: it was so under your former despotism: it would be so under and notwithstanding your Constitutional Code: in whatever part of Ultramaria if in any, that Code obtained acceptance the mischief would follow it and adhere to it

    I proceed to present to your view my proofs: with the considerations - with the facts and the connection between those facts that have led to this conclusion

    1. Mark well - it is you the great body of the people of Spain, and to you alone, that I speak: it is moreover your interests and yours alone that on this occasion have been objects to which in a direct way my attention has all along pointed itself. /All this while/ of the people of Ultramaria it has been all along necessary for me to speak: to their interests it has not been possible for me to be inattentive. But it is only on account of the connection of their interests with yours' that on this occasion their interests have been the objects of my regard.

    It is on this necessity, and that alone that I found my claim to any attention on your part to any thing that I shall have occasion to say in relation to the interests and afflictions of these your distant and distantly situated and unknown kinsmen over whom some among you wish and strive to resume the rule: for I have I ever seen, nor do /shall/ I expect so long as man is man to see on the part of any people, any real regard for the interests and feelings of any other people over whom they rule