JB_172_202.xml

Title: [1821 Feb. 25 Rid Yourselves]

Description: 1821 Feb. 25

Rid Yourselves

'.1. Interests concerned.

III. Creditors

How different is the cas of whatever is by contract dear to Public

Creditors!

If so it has that service special and indubitable service - rendered

to the public, a man is constituted a public functionary, Public Creditors are in

effect Public functinaries. But, though not commonly so stated, in effect so far as

service and choices[?] upon justice are considered more than circumstanced have

several titles to regard, by which they are not merely placed upon the same level

with, but upon a much higher level than any to which that title has commonly been

bestowed.

1. On an occasion of this sort by the appellation Public Creditors are commonly understood the protectors[?]

of [...?] sold by government. Of the whole mass of the money due by the government of

a country to individuals so large a proportion is every where in this case, that,

saving all due regard to particular exceptions, such if there is /are/ in this case

may be considered as representatives of the whole. See more than the titles of the

regard due to Public Creditors.

There can be no doubt either as to the fact of their having rendered

service to the public, or as to the question of that service.

2. So far as has depended upon them, this service has in every

instance been real and beneficial.

In the case of every other sort of public functionary, what may have

happened int eh instance of any number of individuals is - that in retribution of

that which they have received, they have either rendered no service at all, or in

accordance less in quantity or quality than they ought - or even that instead of

rendering useful service, the power stated in their situations has in a greater or

less proportion been employed in doing positive mischief.

3. The occasion has been rendered by them have always been such, on

which the need of it had place to an extraordinary degree.

4. For the service of those, whatever retribution has been allotted

to them has in every instance been the least for which the service could have been

obtained. In the case of any other sort of public functionaries, the retribution is

capable of being in one unlimited degree excessive.

In opposition to the thus established claims of those never

unfaithful public servants, an observation that has been made, is that the inducement

by which they have been led to because such has been no other there, in the instance

of each: a regard for his own private intersts.

1. If, in the instance of every one of them this time, it would

distinguish his case from that of any other public functionary: not in a word from

any individual, by whom in the ordinary way of [...?], labour, or commodities

produced by labour, are bestowed upon brothers[?] for an equivalent. The observation

how true so ever, is therefore nothing to the purpose.

2. What is more, it has in this case less truth in it than in any of

those other cases.

In this situation of the original leaders[?], there has commonly been

a number more or less considerable in whose instance regard for the universal

interest, at any rate for what in their eyes has been the universal interest, been

constituted, put more or less considerable of the inducement, by which their conduct

as to this matter has been determined: and unless the existence of social affection

having the universal interest for its object be deemed altogether incredible the more

extraordinary the pressure, the greater is the proportion in the aggregate mass of

the inducement has been constituted by this part.

JB_160_246.xml

Title: [[clx. 246] 1822 June 28 Constitut]

Description: [clx. 246]

1822 June 28

Constitut Code

Securities for I Moral

Ch Factitious Dignity excluded

1. Note that in the case here in question the reward is extraordinary reward rendered in consideration of extraordinary service. This will be either service rendered by an individual at large by an individual who was not by any official situation laid under the obligation of rendering the service or service rendered by a public functionary over and above all such service as in virtue of his office he stood bound to render.

2. Note likewise that the question here is - not between reward in other shapes and reward in the shape of dignity; but only between reward in the shape of natural dignity, and reward in the shape of factitious dignity

Cases there are in which the nature of the service is such that to constitute an adequate inducement in relation to it an inducement of sufficient strength to cause the service to be rendered dignity can not in any shape be sufficient: reward in a more substantial and universally acceptable shape, viz. in the shape of money - is necessary. Take for example extraordinary service rendered at the hazard of life limb and health in the line of military service. Accordingly in the wisest and most frugal of all governments as yet in existence - the government of the United States, for the procurement of such service reward in this shape is not grudged. To /For/ the widow and orphan of him who is killed in the performance of such service a pension is profited. So likewise for him by whom in the performance of service in that shape a limb has been lost or other comparable bodily damage sustained.

3 Note likewise that when Factitious Dignity is spoken of as a species of reward marked for exclusion by it is meant Factitious Dignity considered in the shape and manner in which it is ordinarily conferred in Monarchies - i.e. without the collection and publication of evidence probative of the existence and indicative of the nature and shape of the service, in remuneration of which it is desired that it should be understood to have been conferred.

JB_160_275.xml

Title: [[clx. 275] 1822 July 5 Constitut]

Description: [clx. 275]

1822 July 5

Constitut Code

Factitious Honor

?4 Evils produced by it

3. Every honor that has been conferred on any man in whose instance it is not clear that extraordinary service to the public has in any shape is conferred in a more particular manner at the expence of all those by whom extraordinary service to the public has really been rendered: it is felt by them as an injury. It has always for its tendency, and to an unmeasureable extent for its effect, the preventing men in general from taking on themselves any extraordinary burthen for the purpose of rendering to the public in any shape extraordinary service.

Evil 3. Burthen to the meritorious unhonored.

By Honor by publication /Publication/ of service secures to every extraordinarily meritorious individual, for service past and thence for services to come, the exact portion of honor which in a comparative as well as absolute point of view is most apt with relation to the service. No injury does it to any men: to men in any number it may produce uneasiness: but in no instance can the uneasiness be productive of, or accompanied by, any such sensation as the sensation /conception/ of injustice - of injustice done to any one by him by whom the title to the honour has been adjudged