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25 Dec r 1814
Jug Util
14
I. Sub Rev
8
Schism
Schism—The state of things expressed by those words is still the same. Schism is neither more nor less than division. On any part of the field of religion, or on any other part of the field of thought and [...?], in so far as between any two or more persons any difference of opinion has place, division has place, and therefore schism has place. Between the opinion of A and the opinion of B separation division schism has place. They are separated by the amount of a certain distance. But here again comes the unanswerable question. If A be at a certain distance from B at how much greater or less distance is B from A..
Oh but /B/ A is entrenched in power coercive power and it is /A/ B who has the misfortune to be subject to it. Thereupon A /B/ goes to work upon B and by power or bribery A does what he can towards inducing him to relinquish his opinion: that is to endeavour to cause it to be supposed that the opinion which he does hold is not really held by him or vice versa.
No man ever in the character of an act of delinquency—of a matter of guilt—of a just subject or cause of condemnation or accusation ever imputed schism to any other, but in the desire of seeing tyranny employed in the production of mendacity or at the least of insincerity: in the desire of seeing employed if not in the intention of contributing to employ either opposing or corruptive (collective corruption) or in a word bribery in the subornation of a practice which is always <.^.^.> and which to a great extent under all laws <.^.^.> is a crime in the character of a criminal one.
13.
Schism is but division separation: separation by a certain distance. Question still the same—
A being at a certain distance from A[B?], at how much greater or less distance is B from A.
14.
But A has power: B. none. Thereupon get A to work upon B and by force or bribery [...?] to engage B to receive some opinion he disbelieves, or reject some that he believes.
15.
By no man was schism ever imputed to another but in the desire of seeing tyranny, oppression or corruption employed in the production of mendacity or at least insincerity: collective corruption i.e. bribery always vitious and in many cases punished.
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Title: [Heading by Bentham, text in another hand]Description: Heading by Bentham, text in another hand. 1815 Oct. 21 2 II. Sub Rev. Introduction 2 §.1. No impiety here 13. Schism is but division—separation. Separation by a certain distance. Question still the same. A being at a certain distance from A at how much greater or less distance is B. from A. p.8–14. 14. But A. has power B. none. Thereupon A. goes to work upon B. and by force or bribery strives to engage B to receive some opinion be disbelieves to reject some that he believes—p.8–14. 15. By no man was ever schism imputed to another but in the desire of seeing tyranny oppression, or corruption employed in the production of mendacity or at least insincerity: attective[?] corruption i.e. bribery always vitious and in many cases punished. p.8–14. 16. Saving explanation use of any of these reproachful terms is a declaration of war—actual or eventual against all men or at least all christians. p.9–15.
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Title: [1819 Oct. 9 Parl. Reform Bill]Description: 1819 Oct. 9 Parl. Reform Bill Art. Secresy IV. Insincerity 14 2 Member unworthy {They keep up the appearance of insincerity, for the sake of charging[?] against it?} Of the open mode insincerity – and to an unmeasurable extent is a sure /necessary/ concomitant, or rather effect. 1. On the part of the Elector It has place exactly in so far as taken together, intimidation and corruption have place and take effect. It has place in so far as the wishes expressed by the vote is different either from the real wish or in case of corruption from that which but for the influence of the corruption would have been the real wish. 2. On the part of the Candidate and his friends. Never is any address or application made by or on behalf of a candidate, but intimation is given but the fact is assumed[?] assumed[?] without exception or limitation that of all Electors who vote in his favour the wishes are in the most exact unison with their votes. So far as bribery is the instrument employed so far the briber is certain that what he thus says is not true: the proof is the giving of the bribe: for if the wish were already what the vote declares it to be, no use would there be in the bribe.
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Title: [25 Dec 1814 Jug Util 10]Description: 25 Dec 1814 Jug Util 10 II. Sub Rev 5 Heresy Heterodoxy Heresy—heterodoxy heresy schism—In all these cases there does exist it is but too true a real matter of fact—and with it a real offence existing and made manifest. Manifest? but on whose part? On the part of the person, to whom and by these expressions, delinquency is imputed? No: but in the part of him by whom it is imputed: By heresy, in Greek [Greek text] ere it was first applied to the purpose of giving intimation of a species of delinquency nothing more was meant than the making of a choice, making a choice as between one opinion and another. Making a choice not between one opinion and another? (says the alledged delinquent accused with heresy) but in doing so where can be the offence? who is there that is not occupied—continually occupied in the making of such choices? who is there that for two minutes together unless by being asleep can avoid making it? who is there that can avoid making it and live? Oh, but says the accuser the opinion thus chosen is an opinion opposite different from mine. Here then is the proposition involved—continually and necessarily involved in every such charge. I was a person the differing from whom in opinion on any article and in particular in any article of religion, or in a word in any article whatever, in an offence. <.^.^.>by the two expressions one and the same amount to <.^.^.> is expressed. I am in intention a tyrant in so far as <.^.^.> myself a tyrant: and under my tyranny my <.^.^.> is that all mankind be prostrate. My wish and desire is to render miserable whatsoever person shall in any part presume to give expression to an opinion different from mine. 7. 2. Schism heterodoxy heresy: In all these instances an offence indeed has place: but the offender is not he to whom: but he by whom transgression is imputed. Heresy means making a choice—nothing more. 8. Orthodox. The offence consists in making a wrong choice. i.e. a choice different from mine. 9. Heterodox. This is as much as to say I am tyrant as much as I can be, and wish to subject to my tyranny all mankind—rendering miserable all who profess to think differently from me.
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