date

27 Nov r 1813 Jug Util or Articles
27 Nov r 1813

Jug Util or Articles

Ch. Punishment misseated & Atonement

3

§ Error Causes

In so far therefore as for the prevention of future delinquency by the force of example, by means of the terror produced by punishment inflicted on the score of past delinquency the production of pain in the breast of the delinquent is necessary in this case in so far as by any form given to the punishment encrease is given to the pleasure of vengeance or revenge derivable by a party injured from the contemplation of such pain, and thus without addition made to the /mass/ suffering of the delinquent, satisfaction clear of all expense is administered to the party /quandom sufferer/ injured, pain is converted into a source of pleasure, out of the bitter sweet is made to come forth, and in the application thus made of the matter of good and evil, the maximum of good economy is manifested.
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    Ch. Punish t misseated or Atonement

    Error Causes

    (1)

    §. Causes of the errors concerning misseated punishments and expiation by repentance. God made man says the popular notion: man made God, says the true one. Savage man made a savage God: by this savage God, civilized man continues to be tormented.

    Punishment—inflicted in any head other than that of the transgressor under the full consciousness of his not being a transgressor, and without cause or his consent—by the operation of what causes came it to be considered and spoken of as an act of justice?

    Repentance—the demand for punishment done may by mere naked repentance—by the operation of which cause or causes came it to be considered as doing away—as cancelling the demand for punishment?

    Atonement—With or without the consent of an innocent person, pain inflicted on that same innocent person, under a full consciousness of his innocence—by the operation of what cause or causes came it to be considered as doing away or cancelling the demand for punishment?

    To /all/ each of these several questions an answer will naturally be looked out for. /By/ The exposure of error whatsoever satisfaction may happen to have been afforded is never regarded as compleat, till the cause or causes by the operation of which it has /was/ been produced have been brought to light and holden /held/ up to view.

    The truth of this observation has seldom been more fully /pointedly/ /received a more pointed exemplification/ exemplified than in the present.