1821 July 9

'.9

2. Factitious mischievous

4 Useless power what

2. Useless power. It is by correspondent obsequiousness and obedience on the part of those on whom it is exercised that all political power is constituted. It is at their expence that it is exercised. To a greater or less degree, being the result of coercion obedience and obsequiousness and obedience paid to power is attended with suffering /uneasiness/ on the part of whose by whom it is paid It is therefore at their expence that it is exercised and maintained. If after deduction made of this suffering /uneasiness/, a balance on the side of happiness - positive and negative together understand by negative exclusion /prevention/ of unhappiness - the creation and preservation of it is not conducive to but on the contrary detractive from the greatest happiness of the greatest number.

All power over and above the least quantity that is sufficient and necessary and sufficient to enable the possessor to contribution /make his contribution/ & according to the nature of his situation to minister towards that all comprehensive end is useless: useless, and at the same time mischievous. Suffering being among the inseparable effects of it in so far as it is useless it is worse than useless, it is purely mischievous.