1822 July 4

Constitut Code Rationale

I Supreme Constitutive

Why in all

I. Monarch

1 Moral Aptitude

Self preference

Art. The Supreme Constitutive power is in the great body of the People

? Self-preference - how while /why/ in a Monarchy /Monarch/ its effects are preponderantly detrimental: in a representative Democracy preponderantly contributory, to the greatest happiness of the greatest number.

Whatever be the form of government, a man will prefer his own happiness /felicity/ to that of all others put together: his wish and upon occasion his endeavour will be get into his own hands all the several external instruments of felicity in the greatest quantity possible. For this purpose his wish and upon occasion his endeavour will be at the expence of all others to committ depredation to the greatest extent possible But upon every occasion that presents itself as favorable, this depredation will at the hands of all those at whose expence it is exercised produce the endeavour to escape from it - in a word self-preservation from it, and to that end, in so far as it seems consistent with personal safety, resistance. But even by such endeavour at evasion much more by resistance, on the one part, anger will be produced on the other thereupon partly for securing the faculty of exercising the depredation, partly for the gratification of the passion of anger, oppression will be added and by whatever causes it is produced in any the slightest degree the disposition and the habit of exercising it in the greatest degree which circumstances admitt of will be continually on the encrease Thus it is that by the innate propensities of mans nature propensities necessary to the very existence of the species, every man is rendered at least in desire and wish and upon occasion in endeavour, a depredator and an oppressor In the situation of Monarch the joint powers of force, intimidation, corruption and delusion /his incorporeal instruments of misrule/ supply a man with corporeal instruments, sufficient to enable him to afford the /grant[?] to these desires the requisite correspondent/ gratification sought by him: and thus it is that the power being added to the desire the correspondent effect - /is produced: the correspondent effect/ in this /the present/ case the unquestionable sacrifice of the real felicity of the greatest number of a million to the questionable felicity of this one.