17 Mar. 1804

Ch. 2. Leading Features.

'.3.I. Wealth. 3. Non Agenda.

Broad Measures

1. Forced Frugality

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{ '.3.I. Wealth. - 3. Non Agenda

1. Measures which present themselves in the character of Non Agenda, may be

distinguished into Broad Measures, and Narrow Measures: broad measures, having

for their effect, or their object, the augmentation of wealth in all its shapes,

without distinction: narrow measures, having for their object the augmentation

of wealth, by the encrease of profit-seeking industry, in this or that

particular branch in preference to others, under the notion of its producing

more wealth in that than in others.

Examples of Broad Measures -

1. Forced Frugality: - National Opulence promoted, or endeavoured to be

promoted, at the expence of justice. National wealth, without regard to the

particular shape, encreased or endeavoured to be encreased, by the application

of money in the shape of capital, that money raised (as of course it must be) by

taxes: taxes imposed on property or expenditure as the case may be. Necessity,

(viz. for the application, of the wealth thus produced, to the purpose either of

subsistence or defence) is here out of the question: for necessity, in either of

those its branches, constitutes a distinct ground, mentioned further on. -

Injustice the first;-} /On the other hand the application of money raised by

taxes in the shape of Capital to the endeavour to promote National opulence can

only be carried into effect at the Expence of Justice - In the first place it

operates unjustly by &c/ forcing a man to labour, though it were for his own

benefit, where he wishes to enjoy. Injustice the second;- /It operates unjustly

in the second place by &c/ forcing one man to labour for the sake of

encreasing the enjoyments of another man: - encreasing his enjoyments, or rather

the stock of the instrument of enjoyment in his hands: for all that government

can do in behalf of enjoyment, otherwise than by security, is - to encrease the

quantity of the mass of instruments of enjoyment: application of these

instruments in such manner as to produce actual enjoyment, depends altogether

upon the individual, & is an effect altogether out of the reach of governmt.

(a) p.19