[186-8. Dates 26, 27, 29 Aug 1801]

Polit. Economy Analysis

26 Aug. 1801

[Col. 1]

1.

I. Final Cause Well-being, its—modifications, arranged in the order of their importance, are

1. Subsistence (present).

2. Security in respect of 1. Future subsistence. 2. Defence.

3. Enjoyment—mere enjoyment distinct from subsistence.

2.

Causes of Wealth

/II/I./ Material—Matter

/III/II/. Efficient—Motion

/I?III/ Final—Well-being

3.

II. Matter

I. Sources.

1. Land (dry.)

2. Water i:e: Land covered with water

4.

II. Modifications or states

1. Unimproved: viz: 1. Mineral. 2. Vegetable. 3. Animal.

[Col. 2]

5.

I. Land—the source of the materials of which in an unimproved or improved state the matter of wealth is composed.

II. Materials of wealth in an unimproved state.

6.

Subject matters of human Labour.

I. Matter in a state unimproved: viz: 1. Mineral 2. Vegetable 3. Animal

7.

II. In a state improved which can only be by Motion employed in the way of 1. Simple Composition. Paints by coloured [...?], ochre mixt with oils of fish or nuts. 2. Simple analysis or decomposition. Production of black[?] from burning kelp. 3. Formation or Fabrication.

9.

III. Operations being so many ways of applying labour to materials.

1. Discovery (a)

(a) Examples of Discovery without

a

) Celestial bodies.

2. Extraction.

3. Importation (if the place be exterior to the territory in question)

4. Naturalization (in case of vegetables).

5. Improvement.

6. Preservation.

7. Local conveyance.

8. Exchange.

9. Exportaction.

10. Employment.

[Col. 3]

/8/5/

III. Motion.

I. Sources or Primum Mobiles

1. Inanimate.

2. Animate.

/9/6/.

Inanimate

1. /Water/Liquids by gravity.

2. by expansion and contraction.

3. by /expansion/conversion/ into gas (steam) by union with caloric and re-contraction.

2. Air atmospherical by

1. Gravity—Expansion and contraction—Wind.

/10/7/.

Animate—of Animals

1. Irrational—viz. cattle

2. Rational—Man—viz. by Labour.

[Col. 4]

/11/8/.

Operations are modifications of the efficient cause acting upon a modification or modifications of Matter the material cause with a view to a modification or modifications of the final cause are

1. Discovery (a)

2. Extraction (b)

3. Importation if the spot from whence the extracted be exterior to the territory in question.

/4./5./ Naturalization (in case of vegetables and animals).——

[Col.3]

5. Propagation of

1. Vegetables

2. Animals viz: by permission of sexual intercourse. Propagation is to extraction what Exportation is to Importation.

[Col. 4]

5. Improvement.

5* Purifiaction of water.

6. Preservation.

7. Conveyance (local, national).

8. Conveyance (legal). (Conveyance of the legal right of employing a thing.)

9. Exportation.

9.* Weighing and measuring and counting [...?]

10. Use.

11. Formation (Fabrication a species of it.)

[Col. 5]

12.

(a) Motion = Labour. Matter =Materials.

In every Operation Land (dry or covered with water) Materials (moveable portions of the substance or produce of land) and Labour must be jointly concerned. Whatever be the Operation (Common Operation) it must be performed by human labour, on a certain set of materials, resting or moving on a certain spot of land. But as neither land can be acted upon nor made subservient to human use or well-being but by labour nor materials /acted upon/prepared for use/, nor so much as extracted, without labour—in that respect labour may be considered as the sole source of wealth—[...?] of every modification of wealth may be referred to labour as to its efficient cause.

[Col. 6]

13.

All encrease—all motion referable to Labour

Though labour (human labour) is but one of several sources of motion, yet still, what ever is derived from any of the other sources, towards the encrease of wealth, may be referred to human labour as its cause: because motion when produced from any of those other sources though it thereby saves a proportion of human labour which would have been required to produce the effect without their assistance, still labour non-human in so far as it is made subservient to any of those ends which human labour proposes to itself requires a concomitant portion of human labour to give it birth, or direction, or both.

All modes of giving encrease to wealth, are referrable to labour: to the encreasing or husbanding of labour or husbandry (i:e: preserving) the fruit or produce of it.

[Col. 7]

14.

Capital (real

(pecuniary

Capital is the fruit or produce of antecedent labour applied, in conjunction with present labour, to the giving encrease positive or negative to the existing mass of wealth.

15.

Capital is either (real (physical) or else pecuniary i:e: money.

Real is either

1. Productive Stock [...?] or productive

2. Stock produced (Finished work)

15

* Summary capital—money employ’d as capital officiates in that character by being given in exchange for the articles of real capital is composed, or for the labour by which they are rendered subservient to the end in view which is the final cause of the establishment.

[Col. 8]

16.

Preservation = negative encrease

Encreasee of wealth is either positive or negative: effected by operations of the positive cast, or by operations of the negative cast.

1. Positive encrease is by production.

2. Negative encrease is by preservation.

17.

Preservation is either by immediate agency or by remote agency.

18.

Preservation by immediate agency is by counteracting the influence of the causes of depirition or disappearance. Preservation by remote agency is by destroying [Col. 9] or removing the instruments of which the agency is the cause of destruction.

19.

Uses Immediate and Subservient.

An article of wealth is either of immediate or remote (or, say subservient) use: immediate, where it is itself applicable to one or other of the three ends, subsistence, security or enjoyment. remote or subservient where it contributes no otherwise to any of them than with reference to some other article which is of immediate use and which it renders or contributes to render applicable to Real[?] use.

20.

Articles of subservient or remote use may be distinguished into articles of which the subserviency is of the first, second, third removes, and so it is with reference to articles of immediate use.

[Col. 10]

21.

Articles of subservient use are

1. Ground—(portions of land for a [...?] or substratum)

2. Receptacles

3. Materials

4. Instruments

22.

Instruments are

1. Tools.

2. Machines (having parts that are fixed: + either 1. absolutely, or 2. with relation to the rest.

+ Fixed are 1. Supports and Head-masts[?]

2. Guides[?]

23.

Receptacles are either 1. Immediate (with reference to the thing contained in them) or

2. Remote—which may be of the 1 st, 2 nd or 3 rd remove and so on.

24.

Receptacles (of the last remove) are either

25.

1. Stationary or

2. Ambulatory.

Stationary are either

1. Erections

2. Excavations.

Ambulatory are

1. Carriages (Land carriages)

2. Vessels Water carriages

25.

* Money an article of subservient use with reference to things vendible.