1821 July 14

Codification Offer

'.8. Foreigner best or '.5. Draughtsman single

Of all these is the matter of corruption and the mass of the instruments of

delusion composed.

Unprofitable dependencies and all dependencies distant enough to be stiled

colonies ever-unprofitable.

The channels through which that which ought not to remain in the hands of the

rulers is made to remain in them are the following: namely useless places,

needless places, overpay of places of all sorts whether useless, needless and

/or/ useful and to crown all sinecures: money with or without factitious

dignity, obtained on the false pretence of service neither rendered nor intended

to be rendered: the product /fruit/ of an unpunishable and legalized mode of

depredation including in it the moral guilt of two distinguishable crimes

punished as such in the persons of all those whom misrule has not placed above

the law: extortion in respect of the means employed to obtain the plunder,

swindling in respect of the false pretence employed as a cloak for the

oppression by which it is obtained

As to factitious dignity, though in every particle of it it is demonstrably

useless and not only useless but in a supreme degree pernicious, yet in every

Monarchy, if not by absolute necessity by universal and natural[?] custom it has

been made to have place. The Monarch being the giver of all good gifts, every

approach to his favour /visible /distinguishable/ step taken in the road to his

highest favour /inmost confidence// becomes a degree in the scale of factitious

dignity.

Self-security and vengeance are objects inextricable /inseparably/ interwoven:

both are attained or aimed at by the same means in so far as what is done is

done for self-security gratification is afforded to the self-regarding affection

in so far as what is done is done for vengeance gratification is afforded to the

antisocial affections: separately taken each would be insatiable /incapable of

saturation/: still /much/ more must they be, stimulating and inflaming as they

do each other. Every form of government in which the greatest happiness of the

greatest number is sacrificed to the greatest happiness real or supposed of the

ruling one or the ruling few, being plainly an /a palpable/ usurpation supported

no otherwise than as the power of a highwaymen or a pirate is supported,

distinguishable from piracy no otherwise than by the largeness of the scale in

which it operates and the permanency which it has succeeded in giving to itself,

the greatest number /governed/ are to their rulers objects at all times of the

associated passions of fear and hatred: fear employs punishment for

self-security, hatred employs it for the gratification of the appetite of

vengeance. By the sacrifice made of the happiness of the subject many to the

happiness of the ruling one and the ruling few the hated on the part of the

sufferers toward the authors of their suffering is provoked /called forth/: by

the perception of that hatred fear in the breasts of the authors of the

suffering is produced: from fear comes punishment inflicted or provided and

threatened on those by whom the tormenting passion has been excited: and in so

far as the infliction is performed or threats executed, vengeance received that

short lived gratification from which an alloy composed of suffering is

inseparable.