1820. Dec r. 22 d.

Rid yourselves of Ultramaria

' 10 Creoles willing

In the way of trade - meaning free trade - no benefit, in any shape, can be

derivable to the subject many in Spain, from any such dominion. To the trading of any

one country with any other, and deriving whatsoever benefit, independently of

coercive laws, is derivable from such trading, it is neither necessary nor conducive,

that either should exercise dominion over the other. By no instruments, can dominion

extract money from those subject to it but by coercive laws. But, in so far as they

are applied to the purpose of extracting money at the expence of those subject to

them, coercive laws are taxing laws: and of these I have just been speaking. That, in

the way of free trade, dominion and coercive laws out of the question, Spain will

derive from Ultramaria more benefit, in proportion to capital employed, than can be

derived from that source by any other country, is a position, the proof of which

shall be laid before you in its place. +

If instead while you put a tax upon goods exported from Peninsular to Ultramarian

Spain, you protected /prevent no such to prevent/ Ultramarian Spain from producing

those same goods at home and at the same time from importing them from any country

other than Peninsular Spain, by so doing, in so far as the tax upon the goods is paid

your rulers will be deriving increase from Peninsular Spain. But in so doing they

will be imposing in this way a tax upon Ultramarian Spain: which tax they will just

as fully understand to be a tax upon them, as if it were on Ultramaria itself that

the produce was received by functionaries employed there by your rulers.

+ See Letter 16. Relinquishment profitable.