1820 Decr. 26

The most manifestly oppressive and thence the most assuredly and

extensively odious mode of restraint that can be applied to the inhabitants of one

country under the notion of benefiting the inhabitants of another is that which is

imposed by a prohibition inhibiting in this the subject country the production of one

article of natural growth produced in the ruling country, inhibiting it for the sake

of the extra profit thus expected to be put into the pockets of the allowed

producers. In this case while on the one part the burthen is seen to be enormous, or

the other it is seen to be at best comparatively small, and generally /commonly/ even

to any amount questionable.

Take for example the case of the prohibition, inhibiting the people of Ultramaria

from the cultivation of the vine. In this case the burthens to the people of

Ultramaria are most galling and oppressive and galling in the extreme: the benefit to

the producers in Spain of the produce exported to and imported into Ultramaria

comparatively minute and even questionable. Of the commodity which they might have

produced almost without expence each man from his own garden to the one house the

price was augmented necessarily by enormously distant freight and mercantile profit,

actually by this with the addition of taxes imposed either on the exportation of it

from Spain or on the importation of it into Ultramaria. Here the pressure /suffering/

is produced by the joint operation of the unjust favour to a portion of the subject

many in Spain and the injust favour to the whole population of Spain by the tax the

produce of which is employed in the diminution of this burthen imposed upon them: the

favour /benefit on this/ is not afforded but at the expence of a greatly preponderant

burthen (to others) the tax is not imposed but at a rate of expence of collection

such taht in comparison to it the expence of all collection in the case of any other

tax shrinks into insignificance.