1819 May 11

Jug. Util Verity in gross

Ch. 1 Verity in gross

§ 7 Mind a fictitious entity

§. 2. Cause of the supposition of the distinctness.

Considered in respect of the seat of it, all pleasure is either pleasure of the body or pleasure of the mind.

Pleasure of the mind is not itself pleasure of the body, but for its existence it requires the existence of that which is.

Ideas are the furniture of the mind. All ideas /No ideas have/ (so /as/ Locke has shewn) but what are derived more or less immediately from sense: from those organs of the body called the senses. Take away body, you take away mind: take away all pleasure of the body you take away all pleasure of the mind.

By no experience of our own by no observation of our own is the existence of mind without body made known to us: by the experience and observation of every one of us the existence of body without mind is made known to us. So long as /Wherever/ sleep without dreaming has place, there is body without mind. The state of the body resembles that of a clock when after having gone down it has not yet been wound up: or when though going, it indicates no time, the hour and minute hands being taken off.

A circumstance which contributes perhaps more than any other to cause the mind to be considered as a thing existing of itself and without a body as a real object as real as the body, capable of existing of itself and without body, and thus in a state altogether separate, is its having just as body has, a separate name. As to individual persons of all the things in whose existence individually considered we take an interest there are names which in consequence of that interest we have given to them , hence so intimate is the association formed between the object itself – the really existing object – and the name that has been given to it, that by mere habit without reasoning wherever we see a name we are led to take for granted there must be an object – a really existing object of which that is the name.