[clviii. 350]

1822 June 7

Economy etc

12. By those by whom the maximum of moral as well as intellectual aptitude is assented to be conferred by genealogical relation, neither can the relevancy of the above distinction be desired /denied/, nor the sufficiency of borrowed aptitude.

or 13. At an age below that at which no individual is deemed apt for the management of his own affairs, a Monarch is deemed apt for management of the affairs of all! Why? because the deficiency of self seated aptitude is supplied by derivative aptitude, transcendent it is said in quality.

or 14. Intellectual aptitude none, but through do. labour. In Monarch, inducement to do. minimized: without any, he is sure of more means of happiness than are obtainable by the maximum of do. labour. All his time not occupied in other pleasures, is occupied in enjoyment of pleasures of power.

(So in the case of the ruling few.)

or 15. In Monarchs, mental derangement some hundred times more common than in subjects. Down to the moment when utter absence of judgment is too notorious not to be declared, it is declared at a maximum, and the declaration acted upon.

or 16. Thus on general argument. How on particular experience? In U.S. for more than 40 years, supreme constitutives the people: do. operatives their delegates. No where in all branches appropriate aptitude so near a maximum. No where felicity do. so far as depends on Government

or 17. Conclusion. In all places and times, appropriate aptitude has been as power left in people's hands: so as rulers' expence, inversely: aptitude, thence people's felicity.

or 18. So even where instead of being elected on a principle of equality, the possessors of supreme operative power have been self-placed, coming together in multitudes out of the body of the people: instead of immorality and misery, morality and felicity maximized.

Witness Ireland years between 1777 and 1783, under the volunteers; so say Historians of all parties - Radicals - Whigs, and Tories. See Hardy's Life of Charlemont.

A few years after, note the speech of Charlemont's creature Grattan, denying the possibility of that which he had been witnessing, and concurred in putting an end to.