1820 May 16

Emancipation Spanish

Ult r

'.7. Rulers gainers

4 Rulers gainers

2. Money through patronage

To the protegéthus served - to the protegé into whose pocket the pecuniary profit is introduced, the patron becomes an object of gratitude, real or assumed, to all those, being in situations analogous to that of the protegé thus served regard themselve as having /possessing/ a chance of recommending themselves in an adequate degree to the favour of the patron, he is an object of hope.

By patrons' profit on goods furnished, the loss to the public the suffering to the subject many is in one respect /on one account/ liable to be greater than by patrons profit on the official pay of subordinate nominees if /of/ the goods furnished the expence in the whole of it either needless or useless or needless, and the patrons' inducement for causing the goods to be furnished is the pecuniary /commercial/ profit made by the furnisher of the goods as above, and his object in causing them to be furnished is the raising a certain sum to be put into his own pocket or that of some connection of his, in this case the loss to the public is not merely equal to the furnishers profit upon the goods but to the whole of the price paid for the goods: to put into his own pocket a given sum he is in this case under the necessity of causing to the public a loss to the amount perhaps of ten times as much In the first /one/ case the offence, if, on the part of the class of functionaries in question any injury done to the public is /be/ treated on the footing of an officer, the officer comitted by the patron in causing the goods to be furnished /official pay to by paid/ /disbursed/ is peculation pro toto, is in toto: in the other case the offence is peculation pro ratâ not the whole of the loss to the public, only a per centage made on it