1820 May 20

Emancipation Spanish

'.7. Rulers gainer

'.4. Rulers gainers

7 Power - impunity

8. Profit by power through the medium of impunity for individuals of all sorts for misrule /official misconduct/ in all shapes

State superior in value to profit in the most profitable of all the abovementioned shapes, is the profit of impunity. The utmost suffering of which man is susceptible is much greater than /much more than equivalent to/ the utmost enjoyment of which man is susceptible. Supppose punishment endeavoured to be attached to the enjoyment /[...?]/ is the endeavour to enjoy at the expense of the public[?] /universal/ interest and welfare profit in all in every of the abovementioned three best[?] mentioned[?] shapes - preponderantly mischievous profit undue vengeance - undue ease, /profit by [...?]/ or profit by /in/ respect of relative inaptitude on the part of the incumbent. Suppose punishment attached to any or every such endeavour, and that notwithstanding the punishment it is still the interest of the individual to receive or pursue[?] the profit in these several shapes respectively attached to the office in these several shapes, take away the punishment, the encrease given to the value of the profit in these several shapes is manifest and proportionate and manifestly so.

But the impunity which [...?] in this shape and in this quantity the profit is small indeed in comparison of the whole mass /that of the aggregate amount/ of impunity as measured by the extent and relative profitableness of the /all/ misdeeds which by means of the aggregateness[?] of power in the hands of the body of which the functionary in question is a member is[?] more[?] secured /[...?] in the enjoyment of. See below