1820 July 23.

Emancipation Spanish

'. 11. Particular interests adverse

Retrenchment principles

Holder of office during pleasure not comparable if they have means of living from

other sorces.

In the pain of disappointment consists all the suffering from retrenchment. No

expectation no disappointment. The subject of disappointment may be possessed or

vested expectancy. Disappointment may have /has/ for its cause loss of things in

possession or loss of things in vested expectancy. In so far as no vested expectancy

has place disappointment has no place. In so far as no vested expectancy has no place

endowment attached to useless or needless office may be abolished without suffering,

on condition of allowing the whole of the endowment attached to the incumbent during

his life the whole of the endowment attached to his office. Offices held under

appointments understood to be revocable may be extinguished without compensation

where the incumbent is in possession of a livelyhood from any other source/

II As to maximizing the facility

Whatever reduces the suffering reduces at the same time the facility.

It were to be wished that it could be added, and in the same proportion. But the

facility will be invisibly in the power of resistence: and in the case in question

the power of resistence will be not as the quantity of suffering but as the quantity

of political influence. Under a despotism it will accordingly be at its maximum:

under /in/ a republic at it minimum, in a mixt government directly in the power of

the ruling few [...?] in the power of the subject many.